Everyone in all groups also had an NSAID

History and the motivation to make money say you’re spot on. Despite that, I’m still happy to be opening up new pathways for pain reduction. I’m hoping for the best for this and other options.

I’m with you. A good 5+ year lag after FDA approval is a good idea if that’s an option. That being said, the FDA is generally good with drug safety and these studies look good.

The placebo control is key, and it was at least statistically better than placebo.

You’re right that it’s hard to tell if it is more or less effective than hydrocodone+acetaminophen but it’s good news either way because it can potentially reduce the use of opioids and be another option.

The linked memo states

except for assistance received directly by individuals.

I don’t know what this means. Nobody knows what this means. I work in a federal agency. The instructions coming down are vague and even self-conflicting but threaten severe consequences if not exactly followed.